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Preparing for the lesson
Using problem-based learning techniques in the discipline
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Using problem-based learning techniques in the discipline "Methods for the determination of pollutants in the environment"
On the subject "Methods for determination of pollutants in the environment," we study the methods of quantitative determination of major pollutants in air, water and soil. The study material is based on knowledge of students of chemistry, physics, analytical chemistry, physical and chemical methods of analysis. Subject is studied on a specialty "Managing prirodohozyaystvennyh complexes" in the 6th and 7th semesters. Program provides 125 hours of which 64 hours is given to practical exercises.
Development of students of science subjects cycle is more efficient when using active learning methods.
Practical work, I try to spend using techniques in which active role belongs to the students.
For organizing students' cognitive independence elements used problem-based learning. Problematical principle is a necessary condition for the emergence of ecological thinking. Elements of problem-based learning motivates students to independently search for information, it activates thinking, and therefore does not abstract knowledge, and personally significant.
Partial search method - teacher creates a problematic situation, it allowed students with teacher. Prepolavatel suggests first steps or awkward step in the search for new knowledge. This method of active learning in practical classes I use most fully.
Practical work is done in the form of a report and submitted to the end of the session. Practical work is organized as follows:
For example, "Determination of heavy metals by the standard series." Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry define this method iron content. "
The first step-children indicate possible sources of heavy metal pollution, harm these chemicals, the effect in high concentrations on the environment, on human rights. These issues are being worked on theoretical studies, in some cases, the guys find themselves material, using additional literature, Internet resources.
The second stage, using teaching aids guys individually conduct chemical experiments. Because students bring a water sample from different locations, then the result is varied.
The third stage, the conclusions if the concentration of pollutants is greater than the maximum allowable concentration, guys talking about the possible sources of contamination, cleaning methods and offer the possibility of preventing pollution.
Unfortunately, not all the practical work may take place in the laboratory of analytical chemistry. Such works are associated with physical and chemical methods of analysis. The program provides the definition of pollutants using modern methods of determination, such as gas-liquid chromatography and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Methods are costly. We come out of a difficult situation as follows.
For example, "Determination of organochlorine pesticides by gas-liquid chromatography." On theoretical studies we are working on the method itself chromatography. At the workshops guys build their own chain of the process. And in order to do it properly, they need to know the structure and function of the components of the chromatograph. By the end of each class obtains a scheme process. In order to consolidate the knowledge about the new method of determining the pollutants students receive assignments related to the studied method (make a calibration graph chromatogram explain decipher chromatogram, etc.)
When the boys are preparing for the exam easier for them to remember the practical work and get a positive evaluation.
To a large amount of practical work to make interesting use research as an active-learning method. Ecological significance of works of a similar direction is to identify and assess the quality of the environment. We use the following observation: environmental assessment of the park "Birchwood" environmental assessment on ul.Inzhenernaya pond.
Students are encouraged to take a water sample to carry out microbiological analysis. In the laboratory, college students do crop on microbiota. Two days later observe colonies of coliform bacteria and Proteus. Draw conclusions.
In conclusion I would like to say that every lesson I emphasize the importance of students selected specialty. Who does not like them environmentalists cherish and protect the environment. Thus maintaining the students' interest in the subject obucheniya.Interes process improves the quality of learning.
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